Caco-2/Medium: EMEM / Zoom: 200x

Cell Line: Caco-2

Cell Description: Human adenocarcinoma; colorectal; colon

Culture medium: Minimum essential medium Eagle with Earle's BSS, sodium bicarbonate, 2 mM L-glutamine, 0.1 mM non-essential amino acids, and 1.0 mM sodium pyruvate 80%; fetal bovine serum 20%

Subculture routine: Remove medium, rinse with fresh 0.025% trypsin solution, remove trypsin and let the culture sit at room temperature (or at 37°C) until the cells detach (about 10 minutes). Add fresh medium, aspirate and dispense into new flasks. Subculture every 6 to 8 days.

Split Ratio: A ratio of 1:2 to 1:3 is recommended

Fluid Renewal: 2 to 3 times weekly

Morphology: epithelial

Growth Properties: monolayer

Depositor: Fogh

Comments: Derived from a 72 year old caucasian male.

Virus Resistance: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, LAV)

Sterility: Tests for Mycoplasma, bacteria and fungi were negative

Biosafety Level: 1

Tumorigenic: yes, in nude mice; forms moderately well differentiated adenocarcinoma consistent with colonic primary (grade II)

Karyotype: (P14), hypertetraploid

Antigen Expression: Blood Type O; Rh+

Receptors Expressed: heat stable enterotoxin (Sta, E. coli); epidermal growth factor (EGF), and expresses retinoic acid binding protein I, retinol binding protein II and are keratin positive

Isoenzymes: Me-2, 1; PGM3, 1; PGM1, 1; ES-D, 1; AK-1, 1; GLO-1, 1; G6PD, B; Phenotype Frequency Product: 0.0187

Reference:

Didier ES et al. Characterization of Encephalitozoon (Septata) intestinailis isolates cultured from nasal mucosa and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of two AIDS patients. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 43: 34-43, 1996. Jumarie C and Malo C. Caco-2 cells cultured in serum-free medium as a model for the study of enterocytic differentiation in vitro. J. Cell. Physiol. 149: 24-33, 1991. Fogh J et al. Absence of HeLa cell contamination in 169 cell lines derived from human tumors. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 58: 209-214, 1977. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 59: 221-226, 1977. Adachi A et al. Productive, persistent infection of human colorectal cell lines with human immunodeficiency virus. J. Virol. 61: 209-213, 1987. Trainer DL et al. Biological characterization and oncogene expression in human colorectal carcinoma cell lines. Int. J. Cancer 41: 287-296, 1988. Cohen MB et al. Receptors for Escherichia coli heat stable enterotoxin in human intestine and in a human intestinal cell line (Caco-2). J. Cell. Physiol. 156: 138-144, 1993. Basson MD et al. Effect of tyrosine kinase inhibition on basal and epidermal growth factor-stimulated human Caco-2 enterocyte sheet migration and proliferation. J. Cell. Physiol. 160: 491-501, 1994. Heinen CD et al. Microsatellite instability in colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines that have full-length adenomatous polyposis coli protein. Cancer Res. 55: 4797-4799, 1995. Gilbert T and Rodriguez-Boulan E. Induction of vacuolar apical compartments in the Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cell line. J. Cell Sci. 100 ( Pt 3: 451-458, 1991.Rigothier MC et al. A new in vitro model of Entamoeba histolytica adhesion, using the human colon carcinoma cell line Caco-2: scanning electron microscopic study. Infect. Immun. 59: 4142-4146, 1991 . Levin MS. Cellular retinol-binding proteins are determinants of retinol uptake and metabolism in stably transfected Caco-2 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 8267-8276, 1993. Trotter PJ and Storch J. Fatty acid esterification during differentiation of the human intestinal cell line Caco-2. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 10017-10023, 1993. Alternative splicing of the APC gene and its association with terminal differentiation. Cancer Res. 57: 488-494, 1997. White LJ et al. Attachment and entry of recombinant norwalk virus capsids to cultured human and animal cell lines. J. Virol. 70: 6589-6597, 1996. Baier LJ et al. A polymorphism in the human intestinal fatty acid binding protein alters fatty acid transport across Caco-2 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 10892-10896, 1996. Kutchera W et al. Protaglandin H synthase 2 is expressed abnormally in human colon cancer: evidence for a transcriptional effect. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 4816-4820, 1996. Grindstaff KK et al. Translational regulation of Na,K-ATPase alpha1 and beta1 polypeptide expression in epithelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 23211-23221, 1996